I don’t know why Mastodon can’t display followers, but according to the spec followers MUST be either an OrderedCollection or a Collection: ActivityPub. In your case it is CollectionPage.
I would also implement pagination, because consumers may put a limit on the number of items in a collection (yours has 981).
Alright, this has driven me crazy for over a week and I couldn’t find an answer anywhere on the web so I decided to dive into Mastodon’s code.
The solution is simple: both followers and following need to be paginated, even if either of them is empty. Mastodon retrieves both and simply checks if they have a “first” property. That’s it.
@dfyx HOLY FORKING SHIRTBALLS! That worked!
I tweaked my code to make both paginated, sent some interactions to the account, and now my followers show up!
I owe you a beer (other tasty beverages are available).